Examining the Relationship Between Varicoceles and Testosterone

Do varicoceles impact testosterone levels? Do men with varicoceles have lower testosterone? Can testosterone levels be improved by treating varicoceles? These questions and more will be covered in this blog which looks at the relationship between varicoceles and testosterone. 

Varicoceles: The Basics

Varicoceles are a relatively common condition that affects around 15% of men, and are more commonly found on the left side of the scrotum. These enlarged veins can be compared to varicose veins in the legs and occur when the valves in the veins that regulate blood flow don't work properly, causing blood to pool and the veins to enlarge. 

While varicoceles are usually harmless, they can cause pain or discomfort, particularly after standing or sitting for long periods. Symptoms may include a visible lump in the scrotum, aching or discomfort in the scrotum, or swelling in the scrotum. 

Testosterone: The Basics

Testosterone is a hormone that plays a vital role in the development of male sexual characteristics and reproductive functions. It is produced primarily in the testicles and is responsible for the growth and maintenance of muscle mass, bone density, and body hair. Testosterone also plays a part in cognitive function, mood regulation, and overall energy levels.

It is especially important for men aged between 20 and 45. Abnormal levels of testosterone can lead to various health issues, such as infertility, decreased muscle mass and strength, reduced bone density, mood disorders, and cognitive impairment. Low testosterone levels are also associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Therefore, maintaining good testosterone levels is crucial for men's overall health and well-being, and varicoceles, a common condition affecting around 15% of men, can cause a decrease in testosterone levels. Which brings us to our next section: varicoceles and testosterone.

Varicoceles and Testosterone

Do varicoceles affect testosterone levels?

In short, yes they can.

According to a study conducted in 2011, varicoceles were found to have a negative impact on testosterone production. The study analyzed 325 men with varicoceles and compared their testosterone levels with 510 men without varicoceles. It was observed that varicoceles had a significant effect on testosterone levels, regardless of age. These findings confirmed the results of an earlier multicentre study conducted by the World Health Organisation in 1992, which found a correlation between the presence of varicoceles and decreased testosterone levels in men over 30 years of age.

How does varicoceles affect sperm quality and production?

Varicoceles can negatively affect sperm quality and production by increasing the temperature in the testicles and causing pooling of blood in veins in the scrotum. This can lead to decreased sperm count, decreased motility of sperm, and an increase in the number of deformed sperm. 

Varicoceles are also a common cause of male infertility, affecting around 16.6%-21% of infertile men. However, the relationship between varicocele and infertility is uncertain, and surgical repair of varicocele has been shown to increase sperm concentration and improve pregnancy rates in a carefully selected group of infertile men. 

Therefore, treatment options such as varicocele repair surgery or non-surgical techniques can improve sperm quality and increase the likelihood of pregnancy.

Does removing varicoceles improve testosterone?

Yes, removing varicoceles has been shown to improve testosterone levels in men with low testosterone due to varicoceles. Varicoceles have been linked to decreased testosterone synthesis and impaired sperm production, which can negatively impact fertility and cause numerous health issues. 

Treating Varicoceles

For most men, there is no need to treat a varicocele unless it is causing significant discomfort or you are having trouble conceiving. For those who do need treatment, varicocele embolisation offers a minimally invasive option for repairing varicoceles and improving sperm quality and count, improving fertility chances, and helping testosterone levels return to normal.